Views of Earth
Chapter 5
List Three major Landforms.
Plains large flat area
Plateaus flat raised area
Mountains no flat, highly raised area
What is the difference
in coastal and Interior plains?
Coastal near ocean, wet
Interior inside continent, dry
Give the 4 types of mountains.
Folded rock layers squeezed from opposite
sides
Upwarped pushed up by forces inside
earth
Fault-block rock layers pull apart
Volcanic build up of molten rock
What is latitude?
Equator imaginary line that circles
earth halfway between the north and south poles, 0o latitude
Latitude
run east west
Measure angular distance north south
of equator
Equator 0o
Poles 90o
What is longitude?
Prime meridian runs through north and
south pole and Greenwich, England
Longitude
Run north south
Measure angular distance east west of
prime meridian
Prime meridian 0o
International date line 180o
How many time zones are
on earth?
360o in a circle
24 hours in a day
How many time zones are
on earth?
360 divided by 24 = 15degrees
Sun rises in east and sets in west
East to west lose one hour
West to east gain one hour
When does daylight savings
time begin and end?
Begin 2:00 AM, first Sunday in April
End 2:00 AM, last Sunday in October
Why do we have the international
date line?
East to west gain one day
West to east lose one day
Maps
What is a map?
Representation of earth on flat paper
Latitude and longitude points are projected
on to flat paper from center of earth
Give three types of map
projections.
Cylindrical (Mercator)
Cylinder with earths axis as its axis
Latitude and longitude lines are parallel
Greatest distortion near poles
Least distortion near equator
Plane (Polar)
Plane sheet of paper touching at a pole
Latitude lines are concentric circles
Longitude lines meet at center of map
Greatest distortion at equator
Least distortion at poles
Conic
Cone with earths axis as its axis
Latitude and longitude lines are not
parallel
What is a topographic
map?
Shows changes in elevation
Give rules of contour
lines.
Contour line line of equal elevation
Contour interval change in elevation
between two consecutive contour lines
Index contour every fifth contour line,
shaded dark, labeled with elevation
Contour lines close around hills and
basins or depressions
Give rules of contour
lines.
Hachures are short lines at right angles
to the contour line that are used to show depressions
Closely spaced contour lines indicate
steep slope
Far spaced contour lines indicate gentle
slope
Contour lines never cross except at
a cliff or over hang
Give rules of contour
lines.
Contour lines for Vs that point upstream
whenever they cross streams.
What is a map legend?
Meaning of symbols
Give three types of map
scales.
Verbal
1 inch = 1 mile
Graphic
Fractional or ratio
1 : 62,500
